When the average person sees a tree with a deep cavity in its trunk, they may enjoy the unique look and character it provides. Arborists, on the other hand, are more focused on tree removal to address safety concerns. What causes large holes in tree trunks, and are they dangerous?
Get the answers to these questions and more below. Tree Care Inc. is your go-to source for arbor solutions in Lexington, Louisville, and the surrounding areas. See how we approach trunk decay and what you can do to prevent tree cavity formation.
Why You Can’t Ignore Cavities in Tree Trunks
What comes to mind when you picture a healthy, majestic tree? You probably envision a strong, sturdy trunk with thick bark that extends to a full canopy. A noticeable hole in the trunk may not be your first thought.
Sizable holes in tree trunks are not normal and often lead to internal rot. A large cavity can weaken the tree’s structural stability over time. The structure may fall over if the root system cannot support it, putting your property at risk of extensive damage.
Top Causes of Cavities in Tree Trunks
What causes large holes in tree trunks? Several culprits may be to blame. By understanding the causes, you’ll know what to look out for and can take steps to prevent holes from forming.
Below is a breakdown of the top issues that lead to hollow tree trunks.
1. Wood-Boring Insects
Countless pests can feast on your tree until they form noticeable holes throughout the structure. Wood-boring insects like moths, beetles, and ash borers can wreak havoc on the trunk and form large colonies. The damage will worsen as infestations grow, so you must take action at the first sign of trouble.
Pay attention to changes in the bark’s appearance. If you spot small holes forming or notice strange critters around the area, it’s time to call an arborist for pest control measures.
2. Birds and Squirrels
It’s not just insects that damage tree trunks. Birds like woodpeckers and sapsuckers target the structure so they can feed on the sap and the pests beneath the bark. They create small puncture wounds in the trunk, which makes it more susceptible to pest infestations or diseases.
As the hole becomes bigger, squirrels can burrow inside it. They may chip away at rotted bark surrounding their nest, further weakening the structure.
3. Fungal Infections
If you ask an arborist what causes large holes in tree trunks, they’ll tell you that fungi and tree diseases are common concerns. How can you tell if you’re dealing with a fungal infection? Mushrooms may start growing at the base of the tree as a hollow forms.
Other signs of disease include:
- Premature leaf drop
- Foliage discoloration
- Cracked or peeling bark
- Stunted growth
You’ll need an arborist to evaluate the tree’s health as soon as possible. Early intervention is the best way to prevent widespread decay. Being proactive can help you avoid a large cavity from forming and reduce the tree’s structural integrity.
4. Splits or Cracks
Tree trunks can sustain structural damage due to weather patterns. For example, if lightning strikes in the right spot, it could form a deep crack in the trunk. Powerful winds could also cause the trunk to split slightly.
As other environmental factors affect the tree, the cracks could worsen over time and develop into cavities. You must address this damage right away to prevent cavity formation.
Can You Fill a Hollow Tree Trunk?
Now that you know what causes large holes in tree trunks, you might be wondering what you can do to fix them. Arborists used to fill the holes with concrete, though this is an outdated practice. Experts found that filling the hole would cause more damage, and therefore had to find alternative solutions.
Today, they primarily use a latex-based spray, which helps keep water out of the cavity. Keeping the inside of the hollow dry is crucial for preventing wood rot. Other treatment options include:
- Pruning: Cutting off diseased branches prevents diseases and fungal infections from spreading.
- Cabling and bracing: Experts may support the structure with sturdy cables to prevent cracks or splits from worsening.
- Removing the tree: When the tree poses extensive safety hazards, it’s best to cut it down.
Never treat a compromised tree on your own. Hire a certified arborist to ensure your safety and peace of mind.
How To Prevent Cavities From Forming in Your Trees
Once you know what causes large holes in tree trunks, you can take the necessary steps to avoid them. If you notice woodpeckers and other birds constantly flying near your tree, try keeping them away with netting. You could also put up a lawn ornament of a fake owl, eagle, or other predator to deter birds.
Most property owners have a hard time keeping squirrels out of their yards. Thankfully, squirrels don’t create holes in the trunk but rather expand existing ones. Consider spraying a repellent around your vegetation to keep them from flocking to your tree.
As for holes that stem from pests and fungal infections, you should rely on an arborist’s help. Experts can spray pesticides around the area and emphasize tree health maintenance. Pruning diseased branches and applying fungicides should help keep the structure healthy.
Book routine tree health inspections to rule out other issues. If arborists notice potential safety hazards, they can review your options.
Superior Tree Care Is Just One Call Away
Now that you know what causes large holes in tree trunks, you can take steps to prevent the dangers of a hollow tree trunk. Reach out to our experts at Tree Care Inc. for professional solutions. Our certified arborists offer a wide range of services, including removing weak, hazardous trees and pruning diseased branches.
We’ll help keep your trees healthy and protect your property from tree-related damage. Contact a location nearest you or submit our convenient online request form to receive a free estimate.
